Using the ratio above, the formula to calculate the output voltage of the divider can be expressed. V out = V in × R 2 R 1 + R 2 Thus, the output voltage is equal to the input voltage times the resistance ratio which is expressed as the second resistance divided by the sum of the resistance in the divider circuit.
Voltage Divider and Current Divider are the most common rules applied in practical. As you know, there are two types of combinations in a circuit, they are series and parallel connections.
Parallel circuits are also known as current divider circuits because, in these circuits, the current is divided through each. Whereas, series circuits are known as voltage divider circuits because here voltage is divided across all the resistors. Voltage division rule and current division rule are necessary to understand voltage and the current flowing through each. These division rules are used in most common electronic devices. Voltage Divider CircuitIn order to send a current through an electric, an electromotive force has to be applied. When we say the current ‘I’ is passing flowing through the resistor ‘R,’ it logically follows that a force working across resistor R.
This force is known as potential difference or voltage drop across resistor R. Similarly, if we consider any part of the three quantities i.e.
Voltage, current and resistance comes together.As we got to know that, a series circuit is known as a voltage divider circuit. It is a circuit which divides the voltage into small parts.
So with a power source and two resistors, we can make an easy voltage divider circuit. Here we need to connect two resistors in series combination and then apply a across the series circuit. Voltage Divider CircuitIn this case, resistor R1 of 5 ohms and resistor R2 with 10 ohms resistance are connected. The voltages V out1 and V out2 are divided across the resistors R1 and R2. They can be calculated by a simple voltage dividing equation.Where R x is the across which we need to find the voltage and R total is the total (R1+R2) in the circuit.
![Voltage Voltage](/uploads/1/2/5/6/125619441/629029351.jpg)
It can be simply calculated by adding all of them as they are connected in series. Thus in the given circuit, the values of the voltage across each resistor are. Therefore voltage across R1 is 4V and voltage across R2 is 8V. Thus here voltage is divided in the circuit across the resistors. Hence, this is called voltage divider circuit.Voltage dividers are used in many applications but they are widely used in all types of variable resistors.
![Rule Rule](/uploads/1/2/5/6/125619441/250240042.png)
Let’s take an example of a potentiometer. A potentiometer is a variable resistor which can be used to create an adjustable voltage divider. The potentiometer has three terminals two of the terminals are connected to the ends of the resistor and middle terminal is connected to the wiper.
The two outside pins are connected to the voltage source and the middle terminal acts as a voltage divider. Current Divider CircuitA current divider is a circuit which divides the current into small parts. As we got to know that parallel circuits are current divider circuit. So with a power source and two parallel resistors, we can make an easy current divider circuit. As in the current divider network, here we need to connect two resistors in parallel combination and then apply a across the parallel circuit. Current Divider Circuit‘I 1‘ and ‘I 2‘ are the current divided across resistors R1 and R2.
They can be calculated by a simple current dividing equation.‘I n‘ is the required current that flows through the resistor R n. R eq is the equivalent resistance of the parallel resistors.Equivalent resistance (R eq) is given bySo, the current flowing through resistor R1 and R2 would beHere the resistors are of same value and so current will be divided in exactly half through each. Thus this is known as the current divider circuit.Almost every circuit we come across is either a voltage divider circuit, current divider circuit or it can be both of them. Voltage dividers are used in a variety of applications like variable resistors (potentiometer), LDR, thermistors and cutting-edge devices like an accelerometer. Current divider circuits are mainly used to simplify circuits that would make predictions of resistor selection easy.
Voltage divider rules states that Voltage divides in series circuit only. In parallel circuit voltage remains same. All of the loads are connected parallelly across voltage source so that loads have two common points with source positive and negative terminals.
When the connected parallelly across source they get same voltage so that all of the circuit element can use their full power such as a 100 Watt bulb will emit full light if it connects in parallel with source. If you connect some bulb in series the source voltage divides among them so that they can not show their full power all the bulb will emit with lower light when series connection. In our daily life voltage divider rule is the basic formula of voltage division where you need to divide voltage use voltage divider formula. Parallel circuit same voltage series circuit voltage division. All the connection in household are in parallel as all the element fan, bulb, AC, TV, oven etc. Are getting same voltage they are taking different current which they needed AC, oven takes much current than fan, bulb, refrigerator. If you connect all the these element in series may be the bulb not glow because maximum drop will occur in AC & oven the bulb will get a very few charge if it connects at the end of the circuit.Considering above three resistors are connected parallelly with source of 220V.
Question is what the drop voltage is across three resistors 10, 20 and 30 ohms? The answer is 220V of course. Because three resistor’s positive terminals are connected with the source positive terminal and negative terminals are connected with source negative terminal so voltage remains same at parallel circuit.In our household the total circuit is connected parallelly so all get same voltage and you can check voltage via.
If we connect some same power bulbs in series, one bulb will give shining light, second bulb will give less light and third one will less more light because here voltage divides. TV, fridge, bulb, fan etc all are connected in parallel and they take current according to their requirement.
Series connection means voltage division and parallel connection means current division.If we connect the same resistors in series then voltage will not same it will divide according to resistor value. We know current flows positive terminal to negative terminal. It is the concept of electrical engineering. Science concept is current flows from negative to positive terminal. Actually positive charge has more mass than electron so it does not move; electron moves and comes to positive charge to neutral it. So we can say 30ohm resistance has more voltage than other two resistors, then 20ohms voltage and 10ohm resistor gets less voltage than other two resistors. Voltage Divider FormulaVoltage divider rule is that rule if a series circuit has more than one resistor; the voltage across of each resistor is the ratio of resistor value multiplied with voltage source to total resistance value.Let us consider above circuit there is three resistances.
We have to find out each resistance voltage. Using voltage divider rule,It is also known as voltage formula. Example of Voltage Divider Rule:For example of voltage divider rule now we will solve the simple circuit has 6V source and 200 ohm, 100 ohm resistance.
We will find voltage drop across each resistance.Applying formula,Voltage across 100Ω resistance V 1 = (100.6)/(200+100) = 2VVoltage across 200Ω resistance V 2 = (200.6)/(200+100) = 4V. Current Divider RuleSeries circuit same current, parallel circuit current division. Current remains same in series circuit. It only divides in parallel circuit.Considering above circuit there are three resistance R 1, R 2, R 3 connected in series having same current I. They are experiencing same current although voltage is different.We know current is flow of charge per unit time through conductor. Equation of current is I = Q/t.Let us consider the of this circuit carries 100 C charges per second. Here first resistance prevents flow of charge rate then second resistance gets less charge than first one and third one gets more less than first two resistances.
If we remove first resistance, second resistance will get same flow rate which first one experienced, if we remove first and second resistance third one will experience same flow of charge which first one observed. In a word we can say flow of charge remains constant either any of resistance is added or removed. So flow of current remains same for series circuit. Current divides parallelly.We see here in figure I current are coming and divided into I 1 and I 2 via two resistance.The formula of current divider rule isThe current of each resistor is the ratio of multiplication of total current and opposite resistor value with total resistance.In our household current divider rule is applied. We use different types of electronic devices and machine. Some of them need small current some of them need huge current.
When they are connected in parallel there is no clash between them. No one effects others. They take current as required. If they are in series then they will not independent.
As parallel connection all are independent and takes current as need. Current divider rule is only applicable for two resistors when many resistors are connected in parallel some other methods will be applied to find each current value. Example of Current Divider Rule:A circuit caring I current and divides across two resistors viz. 10Ω and 15Ω.According to current divider rule,Current for 10Ω resistance, I 1 = (15.I)/(10+15) = 15I/25 = 0.6ICurrent for 15Ω resistance, I 2 = (10.I)/(10+15) = 10I/25 = 0.4IYou may like:Filed Under: Tagged With:, Primary Sidebar.